Plastic properties and uses pdf

Acrylic is a common and versatile manmade material with a variety of industrial and personal uses. Common plastics their abbreviations, names and uses. This strong and transparent plastic is a popular choice for. Plastics uses, benefits, and chemical safety facts. Typical properties of polyethylene pe astm low medium high ultrahightest property density density density molecularweight physical d792 specific gravity 0. Acrylic plastic is a polymer material that contains acrylic acid. Low diffusion coefficient makes pet much more suitable than other plastic materials for use as a recovered, recycled material. At consolidated plastics, we think of plastic as a medium of change, making products better while serving as a reminder that flexibility. Hence it is important to know the plastic flow properties of metals and alloys.

Plastic shapes include sheet, rod, hex, pipe, cubes, balls, and tubes. Polyvinyl chloride is mixed with additives to improve its mechanical and physical properties and to. A polymer can be a three dimensional network think of the repeating units. Polylactic acid could be cnc machined but it is typically not available in sheet stock or rod form. Plastics are defined as a group of synthetic resinous or other substances that can be molded into any form.

For example, polystyrene is a hard, waterresistant thermoplastic, according to bbc. Second only to polyethylene among the plastics in production and consumption, pvc is used in an enormous range of domestic and industrial products, from raincoats and shower curtains to window frames and indoor plumbing. Highdensity polyethylene products are very safe and are not known to transmit any chemicals into foods or drinks. Also, you may want to use our plastic material selection guide or interactive thermoplastics triangle to assist with the material selection process based on your application requirements. Uses, properties, quotes or ask a plastics expert at curbell. In the market there are so many types of models of plastics are available such as transparent, colored etc. Hdpe, long chain macromolecule, thermoplastic, plastic welding. Everything you need to know about polylactic acid pla.

Polymer chemistry is a core chemistry topic that applies prior knowledge of key concepts such as bonding and basic organic chemistry. To adjust material properties, plastic injection mold pellets are typically produced andor blended together. Plastics enable sustainable, durable, longlasting design and construction in homes, buildings, and infrastructure like bridges. This engineering plastic is popular due to its low production cost and the ease with which the material is machined by plastic manufacturers. The simplest definition of a polymer is a useful chemical made of many repeating units.

Click the down or up arrows triangles or column headings to sort plastic materials or material properties. Polycarbonate is a highperformance tough, amorphous and transparent thermoplastic polymer with organic functional groups linked together by carbonate groups o coo and offers a unique combination of properties. In the development of plastic enclosures and tuning knobs, the designers follow the ecodesign directive. Oct 22, 2018 a thermoplastic is a plastic material that becomes moldable above a specific temperature and solidifies upon cooling.

Hence the success of plastic as an engineering material for a particular purpose will depend upon the correct choice of the variety. Today were looking at the types of different plastics, along with their properties and uses which leads us at consolidated plastics to consider the nature of change, both in our business and in yours. The food might be wrapped in pvc cling film, your yogurt is probably in plastic tubs, cheese in plastic wrap, and water and milk in blowmolded plastic containers. There are plastics now that prevent gas from escaping pressurized soda bottles, but cans and glass are still no. This chapter looks at key ideas and activities that can be used to help students learn how the properties of materials affects their suitability for different uses.

Polymers are all created by the process of polymerization wherein their constituent elements called monomers, are reacted together to form polymer chains i. The plastic properties on pages 222223 are exclusively applicable for. The main physical difference between the two is that one can be reused time and again, and the other cannot. Thermoplastics properties, types, uses, advantages and. The ultimate symbol of the problem of plastic waste is the great pacific garbage patch, which has often been described as a swirl of plastic garbage the size of texas floating in the pacific ocean. In the uk, the television documentary blue planet ii played an important role in raising awareness of the issue and its effects on marine life. Linear polymers and a combination of linear and crosslinked polymers come under thermoplastics. Find information on the wide variety of plastics used in hundreds of household and consumer products. There are hundreds of different kinds of plastics, in all sorts of different colors, and with all sorts of different properties, from strong and hard to. Methods of recycling, properties and applications of. Applications include wear strips, chute liners, star wheels, fabricated parts. Plastic properties tables wear resistance of plastics open or close the rating that appears in this table refers to the wear properties of the material in a bearing or bush application, and is normally tested using a pinondisc wear test. Its molecular structure provides the key to its versatility.

Download the text of this article ms word or pdf, all the teaching ideas as a single file ms word or pdf, or all the downloads in one zip file. Mechanical properties of plastic materials material formula abrasive resistance astm d1044 mg cycles coefficient of friction compression set after 24 hr at 175c % compressive modulus gpa compressive strength mpa elongation at break % hardness rockwell izod impact strengt h j m1 poissons ratio tear strength n mm1 tensile modulus. In this article, i will be explaining the top 10 properties of thermoplastic materials in a detailed manner. The ratings are primarily based on literature published by various polymer suppliers and rubber manufacturers, as well as the opinions of experienced compounders. Consider that since people started producing plastic in the middle of the 20th century, we have put an estimated 8300 million tons into circulation. The history and future of plastics what are plastics, and. General properties of polyvinyl chloride pipe 5 table a2 is a general guide to the suitability of various elastomers currently used in these chemicals and services. Like most other plastics, acrylite ff sheet will expand and contract from. For this reason, thermoplastics are put to unique uses in a number of manufacturing and engineering industries. It should be noted that this data does not refer to the abrasion properties of the material, which is. For example, polystyrene is a hard, waterresistant thermoplastic, according to. Each plastic material has its own peculiar properties to suit its particular uses. It should also be noted that each plastic material has its own peculiar properties to suit the various uses. The properties of materials resource rsc education.

Polyvinyl chloride pvc or vinyl is an economical and versatile thermoplastic polymer widely used in building and construction industry to produce door and window profiles, pipes drinking and wastewater, wire and cable insulation, medical devices etc. The type of polymerization mechanism used depends on the type of functional groups attached to the reactants. If youre after basic information on plastic materials, this is the place to find it. It is the worlds third largest thermoplastic material by volume after polyethylene and. Lcp resin properties table lcp plastic injection molding.

The plastic and packaging material used by okw are on the whole harmless and, apart from some exceptions, can easily be recycled and reutilized. In this article, i will be explaining the different types of plastics used in our household applications as well as industrial applications in the form of thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics. Polyethylene is one of the most commonly used engineering plastics. The plastics are sufficiently strong and can be used for load bearing structural members. There are plastics now that prevent gas from escaping pressurized soda.

There are hundreds of different kinds of plastics, in all sorts of different colors, and with all sorts of different properties, from strong and hard to soft and flexible. Depending on physical properties, plastics are divided into two types. It is, however, typically available as a thin film for thermoforming or in the form of plastic pellets for injection molding. Types of plastics pdfproperties of thermosetting plastics. Some plastics are soft while others are hard, almost like glass. Plastics enable sustainable, durable, longlasting design and construction in homes, buildings, and infrastructure like bridges in automotive design, plastics have contributed to a multitude of innovations in safety, performance and fuel efficiency.

For chemically resistant plastic, view our chemical resistance of. Plastic material properties table mechanical, physical. Polyethylene terephthalate or pet products are 100% recyclable and is the most recycled plastic worldwide. Available in many colors and in transparent form, plastics can be rubbery or rigid. The success of plastic as an engineering material will depends up on the selection of variety of plastic. Plastic type name properties density range common uses polyethylene terephthalate tough, rigid, shatterresistant softens when heated 1. Apart from their primary characteristics, thermoplastics vary slightly in usage and properties. Plastic material properties table mechanical, physical, thermal.

Types and properties pdf by mohammed shafi october 22, 2018 may 7, 2020 in this article, i will be explaining the different types of plastics used in our household applications as well as industrial applications in the form of thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics with there properties. Acrylic, technically known as polymethylmethacrylate, is a synthetic material constructed from petroleum distillates that when reacted to acrylic acid, and treated with alcohol, forms a monomer a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form. Thermoplastic consumption is roughly 80% or more of the total plastic consumption. View plastic materials found under a specific property group. Plastic waste in the oceans is increasingly touching the public consciousness. This strong and transparent plastic is a popular choice for light fixtures, beverage dispensers, and dishes. Today it is one of our most useful and adaptable materials. About 40 million tons of pvc are produced each year. Polyvinyl chloride is a common plastic that is widely used in many industrial applications. Use our interactive properties table below to explore by property group, sort, or compare two or more plastic materials. Plastic properties tables plastics technical properties. Extensive plastic properties and compatibilities information. Plastics that can be deformed easily upon heating and can be bent easily.

Polyvinyl chloride is mixed with additives to improve. Methods of recycling, properties and applications of recycled. Plastics are used in car parts and for all kinds of storage. Plastic, polymeric material that has the capability of being molded or shaped. Pvc is the worlds thirdmost widely produced synthetic plastic polymer after polyethylene and polypropylene. Other uses include automobiles up to 20% plastic, furniture, and toys. Plastic properties resins polyethylene terephthalate pet low density polyethylene ldpe high density polyethylene hdpe polypropylene pp polystyrene ps polyvinyl chloride pvc material code system symbols clarity clear translucent translucent translucent clear clear moisture barrier fair to good good good to. Recycled thermoplastic polymers due to the ideal properties of the thermoplastic polymers such as corrosion resistance, low density, high strength, and userfriendly design, plastic usage has become much higher than the usage of aluminum or other metals. Download types of plastics pdf at the end of the article.

The name plastic is derived from the greek word plastikos, which means able to be shaped. Polystyrene ps egg cartons, coffee cups, plastic utensils, and meat trays are made of polystyrene plastic. If you drink water from a bottle, that bottle is most likely plastic. Properties include improved toughness, chemical resistance, impact strength, and. Easy descriptions of typical, physical, thermal, optical, electrical properties. Mar 19, 2018 plastic is a synthetic material created from a broad range of organic polymers that have become an indispensable part of our everyday world. Polyvinyl chloride pvc, a synthetic resin made from the polymerization of vinyl chloride.

The use of plastic materials in the medical field, about 4 billion dollars in. Plastic is a synthetic material created from a broad range of organic polymers that have become an indispensable part of our everyday world. Typical reactions for chain assembling are polyaddition continuous or step wise and condensation polymerization polycondensation 1 figure 1. The properties of materials chapter from thats chemistry. Plastic is relatively inexpensive so it is used in many applications. Plastic properties resins polyethylene terephthalate pet low density polyethylene ldpe high density polyethylene hdpe polypropylene pp polystyrene ps polyvinyl chloride pvc material code system symbols clarity clear translucent translucent translucent clear clear moisture barrier fair to good good good to excellent good to. In the developing world, the applications of plastic may differ42% of indias consumption is used in packaging.

Plastics technology handbook plastics properties and testing. Here youll learn the definition and properties of polymers, another name for plastics. Specific properties dependent on amount of each phase. Plastic materials consist of long chain molecules polymers. Properties and uses of plastics as a construction material. Abs or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene is a common thermoplastic polymer typically used for injection molding applications. Classes of substances at 20c pfa ptfe fep etfe pmp pp pe. This document pdf may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Its chemical resistance properties and ease of fabrication make it popular in the chemical industries. Learn about plastics, recycling of plastics, thermosetting plastic and thermoplastic, types and properties of plastics at byjus.

The rating that appears in this table refers to the wear properties of the material in a bearing or bush application, and is normally tested using a pinondisc wear test. These pdfs have been taken from the popular book, thats chemistry. Pet e plastic is used to make many common household items like beverage bottles, medicine jars, rope, clothing and carpet fibre. Pc is popularly used as an engineering plastic owing to its unique features that include.

To avoid improper resin selection, contact pmc for additional help in determining the exact engineering resin required for your application. Jul 17, 2019 the food might be wrapped in pvc cling film, your yogurt is probably in plastic tubs, cheese in plastic wrap, and water and milk in blowmolded plastic containers. This property of plasticity, often found in combination with other special properties such as low density, low electrical conductivity, transparency, and toughness, allows plastics to be made into a great variety of products. The first synthetic entirely manmade plastic was produced in the early 1900s.